If you want to know the whole essence of Upnishada Philosophy you are required to read only one shloka ( two lines ) of Ishavashya Upnishada that declares -
NOTHING BUT ONE NON-DUAL DIVINITY IS THE ULTIMATE TRUTH IN THE ENTIRE UNIVERSE .
Ishavashyam = God (personified ) pervades / dwells / occupies /lives /envelops ;
Idam sarvam = all this that is -
Yat kinch Jagatyam -Jagat = whatsoever in and out this Universe .
THE WHOLE EXISTENCE IS NOTHING BUT GOD ( ATMA personified)
Ten tyakhten bhunjithaa = you have your share , enjoy it (for hundred years )
Magridha:h = do not covet -
Kasyasvid dhanam ? = who does own this ? (not YOU ; but enjoy your own share )
In this shloka three important questions of your life are answered -
1 - What is Truth ? GOD (ATMA )
2- What should you do ? Enjoy your share in this life and world .
3 - What should you not do ? do not have greed (for what others have ) because you are not the
owner but sharer (the owner is only God )
'' ईशावास्यं इदं सर्वम् यत किंच जगत्याम जगत :: तेन त्यक्तेन भुंजीथा मा गृधः कस्यस्विद धनम् ?
''Don’t possess, don’t become owners of persons or things; just use them as a gift of the universe.
And when they are available, use them; when they are not available. enjoy the freedom. When you have something, enjoy it; when you don’t have it, enjoy not having it – that too has its own beauty. If you have a palace to live in, enjoy! If you don’t have, then enjoy a hut and the hut becomes a palace. It is the ENJOYMENT that makes the difference. Then live under a tree and enjoy it. Don’t miss the tree and the flowers and the freedom and the birds and the air and the sun. And when you are in a palace don’t miss it – enjoy the marble and the chandeliers...
Go on enjoying wherever you are, and don’t possess anything. Nothing belongs to us. We come
empty-handed in the world and we go empty-handed. The world is a gift, so enjoy while it is there.And remember, the universe always gives you that which you need. (source - Lectures of Osho on word ' Enjoy )'
Note -
There are three possible senses of vâsyam, “to be clothed”, “to be worn as garment” and “to be inhabited”. The first is the ordinarily accepted meaning. Shankara explains it in this significance, that we must lose the sense of this unreal objective universe in the sole perception of the pure Brahman. So explained the first line becomes a contradiction of the whole thought of the Upanishad which teaches the reconciliation, by the perception of essential Unity, of the apparently incompatible opposites, God and the World, Renunciation and Enjoyment, Action and internal Freedom, the One and the Many, Being and its Becomings, the passive divine Impersonality and the active divine Personality, the Knowledge and the Ignorance, the Becoming and the Not-Becoming, Life on earth and beyond and the supreme Immortality. The image is of the world either as a garment or as a dwelling-place for the informing and governing Spirit. The latter significance agrees better with the thought of the Upanishad.
( source - Maharhi Aurvindo .)
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